Table of Mohs' Hardneses
Table of Dispersion
Table of specific Gravities
Gemstones in order of Crystal Systems
Table of Commercial name
Table of Streaks
Diamond
Ruby
Sapphire
Alexandrite
Chrysoberyl
Rhodozite
Spinel
Taaffiete
Topaz
Yag
Aquamarinee
Beryl
Emerald
Gahnite
Painite
Phenacite
Almandine
Andalusite
Euclase
Hambergite
Uvarovite
Andradite
Cordierite
Danberite
Garnet
Lolite
Rhodolite
Staurolite
Tourmaline
Amethyst
Citrine
Dumortierite
Prasiolite
Rock Crystal
Soky quartz
Rose quartz
Tiger's eye
Zircon
Agate
Axinite
Chalcedony
Chloromelani
Chrysoprase
Demantoid
Fossilized wood
Heliotrope
Jadeite
Jasper
Kornerupine
Peridot
Sard
Tanzanite
Zoisite
Idocrase
Saussurite
Sinhalite
Smaragdite
10
9
9
8.5
8.5
8
8
8
8
8
7.5-8
7.5-8
7.5-8
7.5-8
7.5-8
7.5-8
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7-7.5
7-7.5
7-7.5
7-7.5
7-7.5
7-7.5
7-7.5
7-7.5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6.5-7.5
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5-7
6.5
6.5
6.5
6.5
Sillimanite
Cassiterite
Epidote
Hiddenite
Kunzite
amazonite
Aventurine
feldspar
Benitoite
Ekanite
Labradorite
Moonstone
Nephrite
Orthoclase
Petalite
Prehnite
Pyrite
Rutile
Strontium titanate
Amblygonite
Bytownite
Sanidine
Thulite
Tugtupite
Hematite
Opal
Rhodonite
Tremolite
Actinolite
Anatase
Beryllonite
Elaeolite
Hauynite
Periclase
Psilomelane
Sodalite
Brazilianite
Chromite
Enstatite
Leucite
Moldavite
Natrolite
Willemite
Scapolite
Cancrinite
Diopside
Hypersthene
llmenite
Lapis lazulite
Lazulite
Tantalite
Turquoise
Datolite
Obsidian
Sphene
6-7.5
6-7
6-7
6-7
6-7
6-6.5
6-6.5
6-6.5
6-6.5
6-6.5
6-6.5
6-6.5
6-6.5
6-6.5
6-6.5
6-6.5
6-6.5
6-6.5
6
6
6
6
6
5.5-6.5
5.5-6.5
5.5-6.5
5.5-6.5
5.5-6
5.5-6
5.5-6
5.5-6
5.5-6
5.5-6
5.5-6
5.5-6
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5-6.5
5-6
5-6
5-6
5-6
5-6
5-6
5-6
5-6
5-5.5
5-5.5
5-5.5
Thomsonite
Apatite
Augelite
Dioptase
Glass
Hemimorphite
Smithsonite
wardite
Kyanite
Apophylite
Scheelite
Zincite
Colemanite
Kurnakovite
Purpurite
Variscite
Fluorite
Barytocalcite
Magnesite
Rhodochrosite
Dolomite
Chalybite
Aragonite
Azurite
Cuprite
Chalcopyrite
Malachite
Sphalerite
Cerussite
Howlite
Witherite
Coral
Pearl
Anhydrite
Celestine (Celestite)
Barite
Cacite
Wufenite
Jet
Crocoite
Garnierite
Phosgenite
Gaylyssite
Proustite
Pseudophite
Serpentine
Chrysocolla
Ivory
Amber
Meerschaum
Alabaster
Ulexite
Vivianite
Stichtite
Sulphur
5-5.5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4.5-7
4.5-5
4.5-5
4.5-5
4.5
4.5-?
4.5
4-5
4-4.5
4
4
4
3.5-4.5
3.5-4.5
3.5-4
3.5-4
3.5-4
3.5-4
3.5-4
3.5-4
3.5
3.5
3.5
3-4
3-4
3-3.5
3-3.5
3
3
3
2.5-4
2.5-3
2.5-3
2.5-3
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2-5.5
2-4
2-3
2-2.5
2-2.5
2
1.5-3
1.5-2.5
1.5-2
Rutile
Anatase
Strontium titanate
Sphalerite
Cssiterite
Demantoid
Melanite ( garnet)
Cerussite
Sphene
Benitoite
Diamond
Zircon
Benitoite
Smithsonite
Epidote
Tanzanite
Grossular
Hessonite
Spessartite
Willemite
Scheelite
Spinel
Almandine
Rhodolite
Staurolite
Dioptase
Pyrope
Kyanite
Peridot
Taafeite
Idocrase
Kornerupine
Ruby
Sapphire
Sinhalite
Calcite
Iolite
Danburrte
0.0280
0.213 & 0.259
0.190
0.156
0.071
0.057
0.057
0.051
0.051
0.039 & 0.046
0.044
0.039
0.046 & 0.039
0.014 & 0.031
0.030
0.030
0.027
0.027
0.027
0.027
0.026
0.026
0.024
0.024
0.023
0.022
0.022
0.020
0.020
0.019
0.019
0.018
0.018
0.018
0.018
0.008 & 0.017
0.017
0.017
Hiddenite
Kunzite
Scapolite
Tourmaline
Andalusite
Apatite
Datolite
Euclase
Alexandrite
Chrysoberyl
Hambergite
Phenacite
Sillimanite
Aquamarine
beryl
Brazilianite
Petalite
Emerald
Smithsonite
Topaz
Amethyst
Amethyst quartz
Aventurine
Rock crystal
Citrine
Prasiolite
smoky quartz
Rose quartz
Tiger's eye
Amazonite
Moonstone
Orthoclase
Beryllonite
Cancrinite
Leucite
Obsidian
Glasss
Calcite
Fluorite
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.031 & 0.014
0.014
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.017 & 0.008
0.007
Tantalite
Cassiterite
Wulfenite
Cerussite
Cuprite
Phosgenite
Crocoite
Scheelite
Zincite
Proustite
Pyrite
Hematite
Strontium
titanate
Chromite
Ilmenite
Zircon
YAG
Barite
Smithsonite
Psilomelane
witherite
Rutile
Chacopyrite
Spessartite
Almandine
Glass
Willemite
Painite
Sphalerite
Corundum
Ruby
Sapphire
Celestine
(Celestite)
Gahnite
Anatase
Malachite
Azurite
Periclase
Chalybite
Demantoid
Staurolite
Pyrope
Uvarovite
Alexandrite
Chrysoberyl
Rhodonite
Rhodochrosite
Kyanite
Benitoite
Grossular
Barytocalcite
Spinel
Taaffeite
5.18-8.20
6.8-7.1
6.7-7.0
6.46-6.57
5.85-6.15
6.13
5.9-6.1
5.1-6.1
5.66
5.57-5.64
5.0-5.2
4.95-5.16
5.13
4.1-4.9
4.72
3.90-4.71
4.6
4.5
4.3-4.5
About 4.35
4.27-4.35
4.20-4.30
4.1-4.3
4.12-4.20
3.95-4.20
3.15-4.20
3.89-4.18
4.1
4.08-4.10
3.96-4.01
3.97-4.08
3.99-4.00
3.97-4.00
3.58-3.98
3.82-3.95
3.75-3.95
3.7-3.9
3.7-3.9
3.85
3.82-3.85
3.7-3.8
3.65-3.80
3.77
3.70-3.73
3.70-3.72
3.40-3.70
3.30-3.70
3.65-3.69
3.65-3.68
3.60-3.68
3.66
3.58-3.61
3.6
Topaz
Diamond
Sphene
Hemimorphite
Hypersthene
Sinhalite
Idocrase
Dumortierite
Epidote
Rhodizite
Purputite
Peridot
Jadeite
Tanzanite
Dioptase
Kronerupine
Diopside
Axinite
Ekanite
Enstatite
Tourmaline
Sillimanite
Smaragdite
Apatite
Hiddenite
Kunzite
Lazulite
Fluorite
Andalusite
Magnesite
Euclase
Tremolite
Actionlite
Amblygonite
Nephrite
Danburite
Datolite
Brazilianite
Anhydrite
Phenacite
Dolomite
Aragonite
Prehnite
Jasper
Lapis lazuli
Beryllonite
wardite
Steatite
Turquoise
Serpentine
Garnierite
Emerald
Pearl
Beryl
Bytownite
Scaplite
3.53-3.56
3.47-3.55
3.52-5.54
3.4-3.5
3.4-3.5
3.47-3.49
3.32-3.42
3.26-3.41
3.4
3.4
3.2-3.4
3.27-3.36
3.35
3.28-3.35
3.28-3.35
3.27-3.31
3.27-3.31
3.27-3.29
3.28
3.26-3.28
3.02-3.26
3.25
3.25
3.17-3.23
3.16-3.20
3.16-3.2
3.1-3.2
3.18
3.12-3.18
3.00-3.12
3.10
2.9-3.1
3.03-3.07
3.01-3.03
2.90-3.02
3.0
2.90-5.00
2.98-2.99
2.90-2.99
2.95-2.97
2.85-2.95
2.94
2.87-2.93
2.58-2.91
2.4-2.9
2.80-2.85
2.81
2.7-2.8
2.60-2.80
2.4-2.8
2.3-2.8
2.67-2.78
2.60-2.78
2.65-2.75
2.71-2.74
2.57-2.74
Calcite
Aquamarine
Tiger's eye
Augelite
Onyx marble
Labradorite
Coral
Vivianite
Iolite
Aventurite
Rock crystal
Citrine
Prasiolite
Rose quartz
Smoky quartz
Amethyst
Aventurine
feldspar
Agate
Elaeolite
Chalcedony
Chrysoprase
Peristerite
Moss agate
Moonstone
Orthaclase
Pseudiphite
Variscite
Obsidian
Howlite
Sanidine
Amazonite
Tugtupite
Leucite
Cancrinite
Apophyllite
Colemanite
Hauynite
Petalite
Thomsonite
Chrysocolla
Moldavite
Hambergite
Alabester
Sodalite
Natrolite
Stichtite
Opal
Sulphur
Meerschaum
Ulexite
Ivory
Gaylussite
Kurnakovite
Jet
Amber
2.71
2.67-2.71
2.64-2.71
2.7
2.7
2.69-2.7
2.6-2.7
2.6-2.7
2.58-2.66
2.65
2.65
2.65
2.65
2.65
2.65
2.63-2.65
2.62-2.65
2.60-2.65
2.55-2.65
2.58-2.64
2.58-2.64
2.61-2.63
2.58-2.62
2.56-2.62
2.56-2.60
2.5-2.6
2.4-2.6
2.3-2.6
2.53-2.59
2.57-2.58
2.56-2.58
2.36-2.57
2.45-2.50
2.4-2.5
2.30-2.50
2.42
2.4
2.40
2.3-2.4
2.00-2.40
2.32-2.38
2.35
2.30-2.33
2.13-2.29
2.20-2.25
About 2.2
1.98-2.20
2.05-2.08
2.00
1.9-2.0
1.7-2.0
1.99
1.86
1.30-1.35
1.05-1.30
Isometric
Almandine
Andradite
Chromite
Cuprite
Demantoid
Diamond
Fluorite
Gahnite
Garnet
Gold
Grossular
Hauynite
Hessonite
Lapis Lazuli
Leucite
Periclase
Pyrite
Pyrope
Rhodizite
Rhodolite
Silver
Sodlite
Spessartite
Sphalerite
Spinel
Stontium titanate
Uvarovite
Tetragonal
Anatase
Apophylite
Cassiterite
Idocrase
Leucite
Phosgenite
Rutile
scapolite
Scheelite
Wardite
Wulfenite
Zircon
Hexagonal
Apatite
Aquamarine
Beryl
Cancrinite
Coral
Elaeolite
Emerald
Goshenite
Heliodor
Morganite
Painite
Taaffeite
Zincite
Monoclinic
Actinolite
Augelite
Azurite
Barytocalcite
Beryllonite
Bowenite
Brazilianite
Chloromelanite
Clinozoisite
Colemanite
Crocoite
Datolite
Diopside
Epidote
Euclase
Garnierite
Gaylussite
Hiddenite
Howlite (?)
Jadeite
Kunzite
Lazulite
Malachite
Moonstone
Nephrite
Orthoclase
Petalite
Pseudophite
Serpentine
Smaragadite
Sphene
Spodumene
Tremolite
Vivianite
Williamsite
Trigonal
Agate
Amethyst
Aventurine
Benitoite
Blue Quartz
Calcite
Chalcedony
Chalybite
Chrysoprase
Citrine
Cornelian
Corundum
Dioptase
Dolomite
Fossilized wood
Hawk's eye
Heliotrope
Hematite
Llmemite
Jasper
Magnesite
Moss agate
Phenacite
Prase
Prasiolite
Proustite
Quatz
Quartz cat's eye
Rhodochrosite
Rock crystal
Rose quartz
Ruby
Sapphire
Sard
Smithsonite
Smoky quartz
Stichtite
Tiger's eye
Tourmaline
Willemite
Orthorhombic
Alexandrite
Andalusite
Anhydrite
Aragonite
Barite
Cat's eye
Celestite
Cerussite
Chrysoberyl
Danburite
Dumortierite
Enstatite
Fibrolite
Hambergite
Hemimorphite
Hypersthene
Iolite
Kornerupine
Meerschaum (?)
Natrolite
Peridot
Prehnite
Psilomelane
Purpurite
Sinhalite
Staurolite
Sulphur
Tanzanite
Tantalite
Thomsonite
Thulite
Topaz
Variscite
Witherite
Zoisite
Triclinic
Amazonite
Amblygonite
Aventurine feldspar
Axinite
Bytownite
Kurnakovite
Kyanite
Labradorite
Microcline
Rhodonite
Turquoise
Ulexite
Amorphous
Amber
Chrysocolla
Ekanite
Girasol
Glass
Ivory
Jet
Moldavite
Obsidian
Opal
Tektite
Commercial Name
Accabar
Achrite
African jade
Almandine spinel
Amazon jade
Arkansas diamond
Atlas peatls
Aztec stone
Beccarite
Bishop's stone
Black amber
Canary stone
Canary diamond
Cape chrysolite or cape emerald
Cape ruby
Ceruline
Cinnamon stone
Colorado ruby
Coral agate
Craquelees
Coral stone
Cymophane
Danburite
Daourite
Disthene
Ditroite
Dust pearls
Edinite
Egeran
Enhydrus
Eye stone
Feather gypsum
Flame spinel
Flash opal
Giogetto
Girasol
Goldfluss
Gold opal
Green starstone
Greenstone
Hawaiite
Heliocite
Iceland agate
Imperial jade
Inca stone
Indian jade
Correct Mineralogical Name
Black coral
Dioptase
Green grossular garnet
Natural purple spinel
Green microcline feldspar
Rock crystal
Beads of white satin spar
Smithsonite
Green zircon
Amethyst
Jet
Yellow cornelian
Yellow diamond
Prehnite
Pyrope garnet
Calcite colored with malachite
and azurite
Hessonite garnet
Pyrope garnet
Agate pseudomorphous after coral
Cracked rock ceystals
Staurolite twin crystals and
chiastolite
Chrysoberyl car's eye
Synthetic red corundum
Red tourmaline
Kyanite
Sodalite
Small seed pearls
Prase
Idocrase
Chalcedony with water inclusion
Thomsonite
Satin spar
Natural orange spinel
Opal with one-colored flash
Black pearl
Fire opal, water opal or moonstone
Aventurine glass
Fire opal
Chlorastrolite
Nephrite and chlorastrolite
Peridot from Hawaii
Aventurine feldspar
Obsidian
Fine Chinese jade
Pyrite
Greenaventurine quartz
Commercial Name
Indian topaz
Jacinth
Jet stone
Kidney stone
Korea jade
Lynx eye
Lynx sapphire
Maiden pearl
Malacon
Manchurian jade
Maori stone
Mexican onyx
Montana jet
Montana ruby
Nassau pearl
New Zealand greenstone
Oriental alabaster
Oriental amethyst
Oriental cat's eye
Oriental topaz
Oriental emerald
Ox-eye
Paris pearls
Paste
Pigeon-blood agate
Pipe stone
Prase opal
Rainbow agate
Red Sea pearls
River agate
River pearl
Rose kunzite
Rubicelle
Rubolite
Ruby balas ruby spinel
Schmelye
Schnide
Shell marble
Starlite
Star toppaz
Trainite
Vesuvian garnet
Vienna turquoise
Volcanic glass
Wild pearl
Yu
Zunite
Zebra stone
Correct Mineralogical Name
Yellow sapphire
Red zircon and hessonite garnet
Black tourmaline (schorl)
Nephrite
Almandine garnet
Labradorite
Iolite
Untouched pearl
Brownish zircon
Soapstone
Nephrite
Stalagmitic calcite
Obsidian
Red garnet
Pink conch pearl
Nephrite
Stalagmitic calsite
Violet sapphire
Chrysoberyl cat's eye
Yellow sapphire
Green sapphire
Labradorite feldspar
Imitation pearls
Glass imitation
Cornelian
Red siliceous clay
Stained green opal
Iridescent agate
Coral beads
water-worn agate pebbles
Fresh water pearls
Synthetic pink sapphire
Orange-red spinel
Red common opal
Red spinel
Glass
Blue glassy ordinary opal
Lumachella
Blue zircon
Yellow star sapphire
Banded variscite
Leucite
Imitation turquoise
Obsidian
Natural pearl
Jade
Arizona jasper
Layered jasper
White, colorless, gray:
Agate
Actinolite
Alabaster
Alexandrite
Almandine
Amazonite
Amber
Amblygonite
Amethyst
Amethyst quartz
Anatase
Andalusite
Anhydrite
Apatite
Apophyllite
Aquamarine
Aragonite
Augelite
Aventurine
Aventurine feldspar
Axinite
Barite
Barytocalcite
Benitoile
Beryl
Beryllonite
Brazilianite
Bytownite
Calcite
Cancrinite
Cassiterite
Cerussite
Ceylanite
Chalcedony
Chalybite
Chloromelanite
Chrysoberyl
Chrysocolla
Chrysoprase
Citrine
Celestine (Celestite)
Colemanite
Coral
Corundum
Danburite
Datolite
Demantoid
Diopside
Dolomite
Elaeolite
Emerald
Enstatite
Epidote
Euclase
Fluorite
Gahnite
Garnet
Gaylussite
Glass
Grossular
Hambergite
Hauynite
Hemimorphite
Hessonite
Hiddenite
Howlite
Hypersthene
Idocrase
Iolite
Jade-allbite
Jadeite
Jasper
Kornerupine
Kunzite
Kyanite
Labradorite
Lazulite
Leucite
Magnesite
Meerschaum
Maldavite
Moonstone
Mass agate
Natrolite
Nephrite
Obsidian
Opal
Orthoclase
Peridot
Periclase
Peristerite
Pearl
Petalite
Phenacite
Phosgenite
Prasiolite
Prehnite
Pyrope
Rhodochrosite
Rhodolite
Rhodonite
Rock crystal
Rose quartz
Ruby
Sanidine
Sapphire
Scapolite
Scheelite
Serpentine
Sillimanite
Sinhalite
Smithsonite
Smoky quartz
Sodalite
Spessartite
Spinel
Staurolite
Steatile
Strontium titanate
Tanzanite
Thomsonite
Thulite
Topaz
Tremolite
Turquoise
Tourmaline
Ulexite
Uvarovite
Variscite
willemite
Witherite
YAG
Zircon
Zoisite
Yellow, orange,
brown:
Apatite
Cassiterite
Chromite
Cuprite
Crocoite
Hypersthene
IImenite
Jasper
Jet
Proustite
Psilomelane
Rutile
Sulphur
Sphalerite
Tantalite
Tiger's eye
Vivianite
Wulfenite
Zincite.
Green, Yellow-green
blue-green:
Chalcopyrite
Chrysocolla
Dioptase
Garnierite
Malachite
Pyrite.
Blue, blue-green
blue-red:
Axurite
Dioptase
Dumortierite
Lapis
lazuli.
